The Synthetic & Rayon Textiles Export Promotion Council

MARKET WATCH 10 April, 2015

NATIONAL

 

INTERNATIONAL

 

Textile Raw Material Price 2015-04-09

Item

Price

Unit

Fluctuation

PSF

1155.0645

USD/Ton

0%

VSF

1915.0398

USD/Ton

0%

ASF

2448.9

USD/Ton

0%

Polyester POY

1248.939

USD/Ton

2.68%

Nylon FDY

3052.962

USD/Ton

0%

40D Spandex

6612.03

USD/Ton

0%

Nylon DTY

3346.83

USD/Ton

0.49%

Viscose Long Filament

5795.73

USD/Ton

0.28%

Polyester DTY

1510.155

USD/Ton

3.35%

Nylon POY

2840.724

USD/Ton

0%

Acrylic Top 3D

2595.834

USD/Ton

0%

Polyester FDY

1461.177

USD/Ton

2.87%

30S Spun Rayon Yarn

2612.16

USD/Ton

0.63%

32S Polyester Yarn

1877.49

USD/Ton

0%

45S T/C Yarn

2889.702

USD/Ton

0%

45S Polyester Yarn

2008.098

USD/Ton

0%

T/C Yarn 65/35 32S

2481.552

USD/Ton

0%

40S Rayon Yarn

2759.094

USD/Ton

0%

T/R Yarn 65/35 32S

2612.16

USD/Ton

0%

10S Denim Fabric

1.14282

USD/Meter

0%

32S Twill Fabric

0.9991512

USD/Meter

0%

40S Combed Poplin

1.355058

USD/Meter

0%

30S Rayon Fabric

0.767322

USD/Meter

0%

45S T/C Fabric

0.7901784

USD/Meter

0%

Source: Global Textiles

Note: The above prices are Chinese Price (1 CNY = 0.16326 USD dtd.09/04/2015)

The prices given above are as quoted from Global Textiles.com.  SRTEPC is not responsible for the correctness of the same.

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Centre sanctions scheme for Integrated Textile Parks workshops to give a push to 'Make in India'

A national workshop on textile parks has been sanctioned under the Scheme for Integrated Textile Parks (SITP) to put the 'Make in India' campaign on a stronger footing.  "The workshop will feature experience-sharing by special purpose vehicles (SPVs) of successful textile parks and representatives of state governments on fruitful interventions by states," the Textiles Ministry said in a statement.  "The participants will also deliberate on critical success factors for SITP such as financing of parks, state government support, technological advancement and skill development initiatives," the Ministry added.

The 2-day workshop seeks to make the SITP scheme more effective by identifying and sharing best practices for its implementation.  It will also identify areas of improvement and discuss strategies to incorporate such improvements in design and implementation of the same.  Moreover, the workshop offers an opportunity to state governments to understand the benefit of the scheme in promoting textile ecosystem in their states.  It's also designed to facilitate interaction of the participants with the local industry and visit to successful textile parks. But critical constraints remain, of which inadequate infrastructure is one.  The SITP aims to fill this infrastructure gap by encouraging the industry to set up greenfield industrial parks with partial capital grant support from the Ministry.

SOURCE: The Economic Times

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New textile policy to lay roadmap for next 15 years

A new textile policy is on the anvil and it will lay the roadmap for the sector for the next 15 years, a top government official said here today.  "The textile sector is the second largest industry sector after agriculture to create employment opportunities in the country. The new textile policy is on the anvil and it will lay the roadmap for the sector for the next 15 years," Union Minister Santosh Gangwar said after inaugurating the 4th International Exhibition - Technotex 2015 here.

The minister said that there would be a lot of opportunities in the textiles industry and that Technotex would prove a milestone.  "This year, India's technical textile business is close to Rs 1 crore. In contrast, the international market stands at Rs 17 lakh crore," he said adding that it is a "sunrise" sector.  The minister also said that development of cotton growing areas where farmers have been committing suicide, is a priority with government. He said that the government has set a reasonable Minimum Support Prise (MSP) for cotton in the country.

Pointing out that Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka have been doing a commendable job in the area, he said that the government is keen to develop this sector in the East Coast as well for which it has created a fund.  The government has announced setting up of 20 textile parks in the country and is now thinking of setting up mega parks now, he said.  Gangwar said that though the government had lost focus on the textile sector for the last ten years, the industry stood up to the challenging business environment on its own and made a work in the world.  He also released a knowledge paper on 'Strategies to Build Global Competitiveness for Indian Textile Industry' and he also launched a Comprehensive Integrated Software Development (iTUFS) for Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme (TUFS) on the occasion.

SOURCE: The Business Standard

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India-Government to re-introduce technology upgradation fund for textiles

The Union government is to re-introduce the Technology Upgradation Fund Scheme (Tufs), perhaps for at least 10 years, in the new textile policy, scheduled to be out by month-end.  In the revised policy, the onus of funding the sector is likely to be put on the states where factories exist. “We have increased states’ share in central taxes to 42 per cent from 32 per cent earlier. So, we are looking to introduce Tufs with some tweaks; states might be asked to fund it. We are looking for a long-term policy, for at least 10-15 years. However, a final decision is yet to be taken,” said Sanjay Kumar Panda, secretary, ministry of textiles, here on Thursday.

 TUFS, implemented from April 1999, was introduced to catalyse investments in the textile and jute industry, with a five per cent interest reimbursement. The scheme was initially approved from April 1999 to March 2004, extended to 2007 with modifications and further restructured with effect from April 2011, to March 2012. In 2012, then commerce minister Anand Sharma announced its continuation for the 12th Plan period of 2012-17, with an outlay of Rs 11,900 crore. Of this, Rs 6,000 crore has been released so far. “We will ask for the remaining Rs 6,000 crore for the rest of the Plan period. Depending upon the money available, the ministry will take a final decision on allocation in the various sectors,” Panda added.

The industry utilised Rs 12,383 crore against the budgetary allocation of Rs 13,785 crore during the 11th Plan. Restructured Tufs allocations did not prescribe sectoral ceilings for the spinning, powerloom and handloom sectors. Investments in spinning were Rs 34,347 crore and in the weaving sector, including powerlooms and handlooms, Rs 9,750 crore. “Looking at the scheme’s success in the past, we are pushing for Tufs very aggressively. Its nature and allocation is yet to be decided, though,” said Kiran Soni Gupta, textile commissioner. The government started with a capital subsidy when it was introduced in 1999. Later, the mode of relief was changed to interest subvention.

SOURCE: The Global textiles

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Chennai Port back in the black after cost cutting

Slashing overtime payout and controlling medical reimbursements have contributed to Chennai port reporting a modest net operating surplus of Rs. 5 crore in 2014-15 against a net operating loss of Rs. 174 crore in the previous financial year. Chennai port’s turnaround was the most significant positive trend witnessed among all the major ports last year though most of them have improved their financial performance, according to government data.

Financial trouble

The Chennai port has been facing a huge financial trouble in the last three years due to the shifting of coal and iron ore to the nearby Kamarajar port in Ennore. This is due to an order in May 2011 by the Madras High Court that prohibited the Chennai port handling dusty cargo to curb pollution in the city. Atulya Mishra, Chairman, Chennai Port Trust, attributed the turnaround to a substantial reduction in over time allowance paid to employees and also a drop in medical expenses. These two were major expenses every year, he told BusinessLine .

Over time payment reduced to Rs. 14 crore in 2014-15 as against Rs. 30 crore in the previous year and Rs. 71 crore two years ago. Similarly, medical expenses was reduced to Rs. 13 crore from Rs. 26 crore in the previous year and Rs. 40 crore two years ago. “We told employees to use our own hospital than corporate hospitals,” he said.

Port sector growth

Last year, the port witnessed a 3 per cent growth in cargo handled at 53 million tonnes. The loss of coal and iron ore is slowly being compensated by high value cargoes like project cargo, he said. Kamarajar port in Ennore reported a 3 per cent increase in net operating surplus to Rs. 330 crore ( Rs. 321 crore) and VO Chidambaranar port in Tuticorin reported a 17 per cent in net operating surplus to Rs. 145 crore ( Rs. 124 crore), says data.

On growth of all the ports, K Ravichandran, Senior Vice-President, ICRA, who tracks the port sector, said it reflects the pick up in cargo growth in 2014-15 after two years of negative growth (FY12 and FY13) and one year of marginal positive growth in FY14 (1.8 per cent). Major ports have also been helped by the revenue share income from the private terminals set up under public-private-partnership. Going ahead, the partial freedom given to these ports to fix tariff in line with market trends, can also be a key trigger for some improvement in their profits, he said.

SOURCE: The Hindu Business Line

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Global crude oil price of Indian Basket was US$ 55.21 per bbl on 09.04.2015

The international crude oil price of Indian Basket as computed/published today by Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell (PPAC) under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas was US$ 55.21 per barrel (bbl) on 09.04.2015. This was lower than the price of US$ 56.27 per bbl on previous publishing day of 08.04.2015.

In rupee terms, the price of Indian Basket decreased to Rs 3437.37 per bbl on 09.04.2015 as compared to Rs 3507.31 per bbl on 08.04.2015. Rupee closed stronger at Rs 62.26 per US$ on 09.04.2015 as against Rs 62.33 per US$ on 08.04.2015. The table below gives details in this regard:

Particulars

Unit

Price on April 09, 2015 (Previous trading day i.e. 08.04.2015)

Pricing Fortnight for 01.04.2015

(Mar 12 to Mar 27, 2015)

Crude Oil (Indian Basket)

($/bbl)

55.21              (56.27)

53.61

(Rs/bbl

3437.37          (3507.31)

3352.77

Exchange Rate

(Rs/$)

62.26              (62.33)

62.54

SOURCE: PIB

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Pakistan-Azerbaijan relations – reaching a new momentum,new spring

The relationship between Islamabad and Baku further blossomed when President of Pakistan Mamnoon Hussain visited Azerbaijan with a four day official visit. Love was in the air and the congeniality of relations took new shape and heights during and after the visit to the brotherly country. Four MoUs of bilateral cooperation were signed while President Mamnoon Hussain also conferred Pakistan's highest civil award of "Hilal-e-Pakistan" upon First Lady of Azerbaijan, Mehriban Aliyeva, in recognition of her services to the people of Pakistan and continuous humanitarian work, spanning over a decade, by her organization Heydar Aliyev Foundation in Kashmir and other parts of Pakistan.

The Pakistani president was also given honorary doctorate degree in recognition of the outstanding contributions to enhancing friendship and cooperation. Ambassadors of both countries Dashgin Shikarov and Khalid Usman Qaiser also received praises for their outstanding contribution for making this visit a success, for both countries. Several high level talks were held between officials of Pakistan and Azerbaijan - business forum and discussions were done to expand bilateral cooperation in diverse sectors particularly trade, economy and strategic partnership of both countries at various levels. The Pakistani president was accompanied by the Federal Minister for Defense Productions, senior officers of different ministries and around forty Pakistani industrialists and traders. The businessmen were from the field of energy, textile, pharmaceutical, sports, infrastructure, construction material, surgical instruments, food products and leather good. A joint declaration was issued after the meeting of the presidents.

Pakistan and Azerbaijan are having exceptional relations since the inception of relations. These are based on culture, history, traditions, political, economic, religious and strategic partnership and sense of togetherness that began when Pakistan became the second country after Turkey which recognized the independence of Azerbaijan. Pakistan has also, in clear terms, extended its support to Azerbaijan’s positions on the issue of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan has always condemned Armenia’s hostile and aggressive policy and is not having any diplomatic relations with Armenia due to the occupation of the lands of Azerbaijan. Pakistan was also the first country to adopt a parliamentary resolution that strongly condemns the genocide committed by Armenian armed units against the civilians in Khojaly city and urged international community to fulfill the resolutions of the UN Security Council. Moreover, despite having diplomatic links with India, Azerbaijan has always been supportive to Pakistan’s stand on Kashmir and has always stood by Pakistan on every international and regional forum. Both countries have always supported each other on the international arena.

Several significant headways have been achieved during the visit of the Pakistani president in the field of economics. One giant step was the establishment of Pakistan-Azerbaijan Business Forum and then later its inauguration during the visit. The aim of the forum is meant to enhance economic linkages between businessmen of the two countries, hence having positive impact over future of relations. It was explored that there are several sectors where businessmen from both countries can come together to explore several sectors like defense equipment, oil and gas, garments, construction material, pharmacy, agriculture, and other fields. In the joint declaration also there was a strong urge to enhance cooperation in trade, investment, transport, tourism, education and science and technology. Pakistan can learn from the experience of Azerbaijan in oil and gas sector hence improve the quality of energy sector. On the other hand, Azerbaijan can benefit from Pakistan's experience in the textile, garments and pharmaceutical sector.

A review of the history of relations reflect that it was based on solid grounds and aims of getting closer to each other through various steps including high level visits, joint ministerial meeting and establishment of Pakistan –Azerbaijan Friendship Forum. First ever high level meeting took place in October 1995 when President of Pakistan Sardar Faruk Ahmad Khan Legari visited Azerbaijan and later the then President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev paid an official visit to Pakistan in April 1996. In ECO Summit, 2000, in Tehran and 2002, in Istanbul, Presidents of both countries met and later during the 58th session of the UN General Assembly held in 2003, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan and President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan met. Several significant agreements had also been signed between the countries to provide a framework for bilateral cooperation in all spheres, especially in the trade and commerce.

Joint ministerial commission was also established to further enhance the cooperation between the countries. Pakistan offered assistance in financial sector, particularly banking, development of textiles and micro-financing. Similarly, Pakistan could benefit from Azerbaijan's experience in energy and development of petroleum sector. As agreed, Pakistan established a subsidiary branch of the National Bank of Pakistan in Baku. Both countries intend to increase trade volume and there is legal base for cooperation. Till today more than 30 documents on cooperation were signed between the two countries. The reason behind the low level of economic cooperation is basically the absence of direct flights between Azerbaijan and Pakistan. Governments of both sides are also working toward opening such direct links. After direct and one-to-one talks between businessmen, all options are bright and the sky is the limit when it comes to expanding cooperation at all levels of business.

Although in early years the trend for economic cooperation was not satisfactory, now it has an upward direction because of several efforts made at state level, but there is now a wide sense of urgency. Pakistan and Azerbaijan are also cooperating in the defense field - a military cooperation agreement has been signed in 2003. The nature of relations is also strategic since both states face similar threats and challenges at various levels. This was also endorsed during the recent visit of the President of Pakistan to Baku to turn the relationship into strategic partnership. The relations between Azerbaijan and Pakistan are being successfully developed under the “Agreement on Defense and Military Cooperation” signed by the Governments of the two countries.

Universities of Azerbaijan and Pakistan have opened their admissions for students from both countries. Azerbaijan has also offered to support needy students within Pakistani Universities by providing them with financial assistance for completing their education. Several students have also come to Baku to complete their studies in Medicine and other fields. In the field of culture and literature, visit of Azerbaijan’s musical troupe in 2005 to Pakistan and their performance for the high officials of country and public in general, opened way for future cooperation. The publication of books in Urdu and English by the Embassy of Azerbaijan in Islamabad served for the exchange of hand-writings and cooperation between the national libraries of the two countries. The activities of Pakistan-Azerbaijan Friendship Association in this regard are appreciable. Recently National Book Foundation in cooperation with the Embassy of Azerbaijan established Nizami Ganjavi Corner to exhibit the life and work of the great national poet of Azerbaijan. It is also heartwarming to see that the Embassy of Azerbaijan is also cooperating with Pakistan Bait ul Mall for Philanthropic ways of supporting the needy citizens of Pakistan. We have also seen that Azerbaijani brothers and sisters opened their hearts during the Earthquake of 2005 and later during the devastating floods of 2010 and other calamities. For these kinds of activities, Heydar Aliyev Foundation has remained quite active and supportive. The cooperation is expanding and several new fields have been explored to enhance partnerships including education.

It is said, where there is a will there is a way and since the nations on both sides have a strong urge to come closer together to cooperate and enhance partnership all will be well. There is no reason and doubt that the Pakistani and Azeri nation are one nation and one soul, they are closer to each other and will remain so by achieving various cooperation milestones. It is only the will of the people that will prevail. We are friends, brothers, strategic partners, and will continue to cooperate for the sake of our peoples and countries, as well as regional security and stability.

SOURCE: The Azer news

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Even with rupiah's fall, Indonesian manufacturers struggle to export

After Indonesia was crushed in the Asian financial crisis - its economy shrank 13 percent in 1998 - the battered rupiah helped it start to export its way back to growth. Now, Southeast Asia's biggest economy is growing at its slowest pace in five years, 5 percent, and the currency recently tumbled to its weakest since 1998. The rupiah's 9.3 percent slide against the dollar since June should help Indonesian manufacturers who export clothes, shoes and other products cut prices and win orders. But it isn't working that way, due to Indonesia's rising wage costs and other factors. Problems with infrastructure and bureaucracy have added to pessimism that factories can lift exports and give Indonesia a boost it needs as the coal and commodity boom which fuelled growth for years is history. "We are really suffering," said Hariyadi Sukamdani, head of the national employers association. "Wages and costs increase every year."

Textiles, a pivotal export, show Indonesia's struggle to compete. Exports have increased over the years but Vietnam, which only had a small garment industry in 2000, now ships out far more clothing. Only just among the world's top 30 garment exporters in 2000, Vietnam is now the seventh largest, with shipments of $17.9 billion in 2013, according to United Nations figures. Meanwhile, Indonesia has dropped to 14th place from 11th, and its share of the $490-billion global trade has fallen from 2.4 percent to 1.6 percent, or $7.7 billion.

SURGING WAGES

Nur Cahyadi, chairman of the wood and rattan furniture association in East Java, estimated that members have lost $40 million this year because European and U.S. buyers switched furniture orders to Vietnam. While the weak rupiah should be aiding exporters, it's not enough to compensate for their overall loss of competitiveness. Many factory owners say their biggest problem is a surge in wages, kept low for decades when Suharto ran Indonesia, as now-empowered unions and local officials have raised them. And an inflation spike in late 2014 spurred demands for further increases. Because Indonesia's inflation is higher than that in countries it competes with, the rupiah's real trade-weighted exchange rate is 9.8 percent stronger than in mid-2014, according to JP Morgan. That's the "real killer" for exporters, says Sudhir Shetty, the World Bank's chief economist for East Asia. Ali Mas'ud, head of footwear association in East Java, said the main reason producers there "are not competitive" is that, in three years, the monthly minimum wage has doubled to 2.7 million rupiah ($209).

'WE HAVE NO LAW'

Ade Sudrajat, chairman of the Indonesia Textile Association, said there would be no problem with wage hikes if they were kept in line with the official mechanism for setting them. But local governments sometimes change things based on protests. "This is like we have no law, like anarchy," Sudrajat said. Owing to its vast domestic market, Indonesia is getting more inward investment. Though it's losing ground globally in exports of things like furniture, garments and electrical goods, its share of world car exports is growing, albeit from almost nothing. Yet it still punches below its weight in manufacturing. Morgan Stanley reckons the commodity boom crowded out other sectors, noting that Indonesia's share of global manufacturing exports slipped from a high of 0.8 percent in 2000 to a low of 0.5 percent in 2008, partly because of the strong real exchange rate. Without wider reforms to check rising costs, the rupiah's drop against the dollar isn't going to lift exports, said the World Bank's Shetty. "You can get a little bit out of exchange rate movements but, fundamentally, it has to be about being competitive

SOURCE: The Reuters

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China plans to shift part of $300b textiles to Pakistan

China is seriously planning to shift part of its $300 billion textile industry to Pakistan, in coming years. This was revealed by one of the Pakistani delegates, who returned to Pakistan on Thursday after eight days official visit to China. After spending more than one week and meeting senior government officials and Chinese businessmen, I can surely say that China is very serious and it is working out a plan to shift textile industry to Pakistan, in coming years, official said.

In this regard, Chinese bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited, ICBC and Pakistani Habib Bank have already carried out studies to establish an industrial zone in Pakistan. During the briefings Chinese bank representatives told us that they have already done pre-feasibility studies in Gwadar, Pind Daden Khan and Bahawalpur areas, to find an appropriate place to establish 5000 acres industrial zone, he said. He said that the representatives did not disclosed that which locality they have finally select but hinted that it would be close to Silk Route.

The official said that during meetings China showed keen interest in three sectors, namely steel, cement and textiles. He said the Chinese delegates were fully prepared and they asked macro level questions. We answered the pertinent questions with precise answers, for example we told them they could invest in filaments, manufacturing of textile machinery, shuttle less looms and so on, he said. He said Chinese showed their concerns and wanted to know that how government will provide safety to Chinese business in prevailing law and order situation in Pakistan. We told them that government was taking stringent and practical measures to restore law and order situation and that businessmen have no threat as the terrorist activities were confined to some areas, and generally business community has no threat, he said.

 Secretary Board of Investment and Secretary Ministry of Textiles also gave comprehensive presentations and answered the questions like Chinese could start a joint venture or on their own, as there were no restrictions in the country as compare to neighbouring country India, he said. The official said that Chinese investors also asked about the energy issues and they were told that any industry could have their own captive plants and that the government policies were pro investment. He said Chinese bank had hired a chartered accountant who gave specific answers to Chinese business community queries regarding investment related matters. Sharing his observations the official said that China has reduced subsidies to its textile sector, and only running the sector for employment purpose, after enjoying the world’s second top cotton producing country status.

 There is a general understanding that due to one child policy, in coming days, one child will replace his parents, who are already on the verge of life expectancy and have entered old age, in near future, the population would reduce, while the resources would improve, due to inheritance, it would have less manpower, so in coming days China would reduce textiles and would go for food security, he said  Adding, and to meet its domestic demands it wants to shift industry somewhere else, most likely to Pakistan, he said. If one of the prominent Chinese banks is investing in Pakistan to establish industrial zone, it means China is serious and wants business, now it is up to Pakistan that whether it utilises the opportunity by offering maximum facilitation to Chinese investors or not, the official concluded.

SOURCE: The Global Textiles

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Global Spun yarn prices weak in March, blame fibre market?

Cotton yarn markets were in weak corrections during March 2015, seeing prices for low/medium-end yarn in downswing. In China, overall demand was deemed limited, and sellers faced poor margins with traders making cautious decisions. In Pakistan, cotton yarn prices remained flat on the export market, due to a lack of demand, which was apparently weakening in Far East and Europe, since buyers were expecting lower pricing in the coming months and postponing new orders. Indian cotton yarn prices slightly declined after a short-lived attempt by spinners to raise offers in the first week of March.  The fall in cotton yarn prices reflected the subdued cotton markets in March. The US cotton Futures on the ICE recorded the biggest weekly loss since November in the second week of the month as strong US$ reinforced worries about demand. The front-month May cotton contract on ICE closed the month down US cents 1.23 while Cotlook A index was down US cents 1.56. In China, the Cotton Index, after few weeks of gains, was up 0.10%. In Pakistan, the official spot rate was pegged up 4% for March 2015.

In China, 32s cotton yarn in Shengze market was at US$3.36-3.42 a kg, while 21s were at US$3.27-3.34 a kg, both rolling over from February. In Changyi, 40s yarn and 40s dyed yarn were offered at US$3.68-3.75 a kg and US$3.93-3.99 a kg, respectively. In India, 30s combed for knitting was at US$2.93 a kg, up US cents 7 on the Ludhiana market and carded at US$2.61 a kg, up US cents 7). In Pakistan, 30s carded was priced at US$2.86 a kg while combed was pegged at US$3.20 a kg. Spun polyester yarn markets saw limited trading and prices stable to weak in March. In China, spinners gradually returned to normal production, but demand was still below satisfaction. In India, prices were seen rising, reflecting the recent hike in polyester fibre prices. Offers remained relatively unchanged in Pakistan, and suppliers were ready to sell low due to some financial issue. Mainstream offers for 32s in Shengze were pegged at US$1.86 a kg and 45s at US$2.00 a kg, both down US cents 2 on the month. In India, 30 yarns for knitting were pegged at US$2.21 a kg, up US cent 1, in Ludhiana market. In Pakistan, 30s spun polyester was pegged at US$2.07 a kg, down US cents 7 from February.

Spun rayon yarn prices inched up in China amid smooth liquidity. With this, overall prices for March edged up and the markets staged a strong performance as orders increased significantly. In India, viscose yarn prices were mixed reflecting the stagnation in viscose fibre prices. In China, offers for 30s weaving yarn were at US$2.57-2.60 a kg, up US cents 1-2 from February. 30s in India was traded flat at US$2.92 a kg in Indore market while the same in Pakistan was pegged at US$2.65 a kg and 40s at US$3.42 a kg.

SOURCE: Yarns&Fibers

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